<p><em><strong>In een <a target="_blank" href="http://muftah.org/queer-arab-an-interview-with-saleem-haddad-the-author-of-guapa/#.V0g7YSaYrCI">eerder interview</a> liet je blijken dat het panarabisme (het verenigen van de Arabische volkeren en naties van Midden-Oosten en Noord-Afrika, red.) jou minder bekoort naarmate je ouder wordt. Toch speelt je boek zich af in een naamloos Arabisch land. Wat is de reden van deze lichte tegenstrijdigheid?</strong></em><br />“Dat is een interessant punt. Het panarabisme is door bepaalde overheden misbruikt voor militaire en politieke doeleinden. Dit elimineert mijn geloof in een gedeelde verwantschap en een gedeelde geschiedenis tussen Arabische landen niet. 'Guapa' is een oproep om herziening van verwantschap in de Arabische wereld. Het niet benoemen van een land was geen politieke boodschap ter ondersteuning van het panarabisme. De redenen waren deels praktisch en deels creatief. Vanuit een praktisch oogpunt was ik mij ervan bewust dat ik de privacy van homoruimtes in Arabische landen moest waarborgen – ik had geen baat bij om de Arabische homogemeenschap tegen wil en dank bloot te stellen aan dit verhaal. Ik wilde liever voortbouwen op de gemeenschappelijke elementen in Arabische 'queercultuur' die ik in de verschillende Arabische landen die ik heb bezocht of waar ik heb gewoond ben tegengekomen. Creatief gezien wilde ik de vrijheid hebben om het idee van een revolutie als metafoor te gebruiken door een parallel te trekken tussen politieke onlusten, 'afwijkend' sociaal gedrag en een persoonlijke opstand”.<br /><em><strong><br />
Het concept schaamte is een rode draad in je boek. Zou het te gemakkelijk zijn om te concluderen dat schaamte de voornaamste reden is waarom homoseksualiteit in veel moslimlanden wordt bestreden?</strong></em><br />“Ik denk dat homofobie in de Arabische wereld, of waar ook ter wereld, onmogelijk door één aspect verklaard kan worden. Het is voor mij ondoenlijk om op een gepaste wijze de verschillende redenen van homofobie in de Arabisch wereld uiteen te zetten. Als ik daarover wil praten, dan moet ik ook over praten over patriarchaat en de verheerlijking van mannelijkheid in de Arabische samenlevingen. Ik moet dan tevens praten over sociale klasse en hoe je met geld en macht bescherming kunnen kopen. Ik moet dan praten over de nog bestaande autoritaire visies, religieus of seculier, en de angst die deze visies over onze samenlevingen afroepen. Ik moet het dan ook over het westers imperialisme hebben en hoe simplistische oproepen om seksuele bevrijding vaak tot het tegenovergestelde leiden. Hoewel ik al deze onderwerpen aansnijd, is het niet redelijk om mijn boek als een antropologische studie van homofobie in de Arabische wereld te zien. Uiteindelijk is mijn boek een roman, een coming-of-age verhaal van een man in een Arabisch land, een liefdesgeschiedenis en een relaas dat beschrijft hoe het voelt om 'afwijkend' en 'rebels' te zijn”.<br /><br /><em><strong>Politiek en de aanklacht hiertegen is tevens een belangrijk onderwerp in je boek. In Nederland is de eerste politicus met een moslimachtergrond<a target="_blank" href="http://www.trouw.nl/tr/nl/4492/Nederland/article/detail/4169319/2015/10/23/Nu-Tofik-Dibi-uit-de-kast-komt-kunnen-andere-moslims-denken-het-is-toch-niet-zo-erg.dhtml"> onlangs uit de kast gekomen</a>. Denk je dat de politiek een wezenlijke rol speelt in homoacceptatie?</strong></em><br />“Bestaat er dan iets wat fundamenteel gezien niet-politiek beladen is? Zelfs de liefde draait om de politiek. Dus hoewel ik geloof dat het mogelijk is om een gay novelle in de Arabisch wereld neer te zetten die niet direct met de politiek te maken heeft, ben ik ervan overtuigd dat essentieel gezien alles rondom de politiek draait. Dit is overigens niet alleen het geval in de Arabische wereld. Overal ter wereld gaat het persoonlijke en het politieke hand in hand. Alleen de bevoorrechten in een samenleving hebben de luxe om hier hun ogen voor te sluiten”.<br /><br /><em><strong>Je woont momenteel in het Verenigd Koninkrijk. Uit een <a target="_blank" href="http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/apr/11/british-muslims-strong-sense-of-belonging-poll-homosexuality-sharia-law">recente enquête</a> is gebleken dat hoewel een groot deel van de Britse moslims een sterke band met Groot-Brittannië voelt, 52% nog steeds van mening is dat homoseksualiteit verboden moet worden. Wordt jij hierdoor als schrijver gedemotiveerd of geïnspireerd?</strong></em><br />“Ik denk dat de overbelichting van moslimgemeenschappen in Europa alleen bijdraagt tot controle en marginalisering, zaken waaraan deze groeperingen al onderworpen zijn. Als ik eerlijk mag zijn, maak ik mij eerder zorgen om de terugkeer van extreemrechts in Europa en het alarmerend overwicht van xenofobische en fascistische sentimenten in het publiek debat. Omdat ik voornamelijk in Europa woon, zijn het deze sentimenten die mij inspireren om mijn stem te laten gelden en de opvattingen over Arabieren en moslims het hoofd te bieden. Hiermee wil ik niet zeggen dat homofobie in de moslimwereld niet getrotseerd moet worden – in mijn werk stel ik dit dan ook aan de kaak. Maar als men naar recente verkiezingsuitslagen in heel Europa kijkt, is er geen reden tot ernstige bezorgdheid als het aankomt op de standpunten van Europese moslims ten opzichte van homoseksualiteit. Daarentegen heeft de opkomst van extreemrechtse bewegingen het publiek debat wezenlijk doen veranderen: er is ruimte geschapen voor racistische en xenofobische retoriek. Dít is de grootste bedreiging van onze sociale structuur in Europa”.</p><p><em><strong>Ben je, na het internationaal succes van Guapa, van plan om te blijven schrijven over LGBTQ-onderwerpen in de Arabische wereld?</strong></em><br />“Guapa is meer dan louter een homoverhaal. Ik beschouw mezelf dan ook niet als schrijver van LGBTQ-onderwerpen in de Arabische wereld. Voor mijn volgende boek ben ik bezig met een verhaal over Irak. Ik ben me momenteel aan het inlezen over Iraakse kunst en over de geschiedenis en klimaatsveranderingen in dit land. Mijn interesse gaat uit naar de rol van de artiest als zijn of haar thuisland een traumatische periode doormaakt. 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Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6" /><w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6" /><w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Mention" /></w:LatentStyles></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]><style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:Standaardtabel;
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
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font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
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mso-ansi-language:NL;}</style><![endif]--><p><em>Foto: Sami Haddad.</em></p></p><p> </p>
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